Solemnities, Feasts and Memorials

BASIC EXPLANATION ON SOLEMNITY, FEAST AND MEMORIAL

Kapag may celebration sa Simbahan, agad natin itong tinatawag na “fiesta”. Pero may mga RANK ang bawat celebration sa Simbahan. Maari itong:

I. Solemnity

II. Feast

III. Memorial

A. Obligatory Memorial

B. Optional Memorial

C. Commemoration

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SOLEMNITY

Easter Sunday

A. DESCRIPTION

- Ang SOLEMNITY ang pinakamataas na uri ng liturgical celebration.

- Ipinagdiriwang bilang solemnity ang mga pangyayari sa buhay ng Panginoon, ng Mahal na Birhen, at ng mga apostoles.

- Every Sunday is a solemnity.

B. EXAMPLES

1. Misteryo ng Pananampalataya (Easter, Pentecost, Immaculate Conception)

2. Parangal/titolo ng ating Panginoon (Christ the King, Sacred Heart)

3. Parangal sa ilang mga santong malaki ang ginampanan sa "Kasaysayan ng Kaligtasan" (Sts. Peter and Paul, St. John the Baptist) 

C. EUCHARISTIC CELEBRATION

Ang Solemnity ay may parehong elemento ng pagdiriwang twing Linggo: 

(+) 3 pagbasa (first reading, second reading, Gospel)

(+) Sumasampalataya 

(+) Gloria (ni-rerecite kahit na ang solemnity ay natapat ng Advent or Lent) 

(+) Proper prayer formulas. 

D. SPECIAL CASES

1. Kung ang isang solemnity ay matapat sa Sunday of Advent, Lent or Easter, or during Holy Week or the Easter octave, nililipat ito sa susunod na Monday.

2. Solemnity ang rank ng pagdiriwang ng founder of a religious order/congregation sa order/congregation na kanyang itinatag, e.g. Saint Francis of Assisi for Franciscans. 

3. Solemnity din ang pagdiriwang ng mga patron saints ng isang bayan/bansa, e.g. St. Patrick ng Ireland, Sta. Clara ng Obando, Bulacan

4. Ang solemnity ng Corpus Christi ay depende sa Bishops' Conference kung mananatili ito sa Traditional Thursday or sa next Sunday kung saan marami makakapagsimba. Sa Vatican, Thursday pa rin ito.

D. OTHER REMARKS

Nagsisimula ang celebration ng Solemnities sa Evening prayer pa lamang ng bisperas nito. Ganun din ang Sunday celebrations na nagsisimula ng gabi ng Saturday kasi ang Sunday ay isang solemnity din.

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FEAST

St. Luke, Evangelist

A. DESCRIPTION

Ang FEAST ay nagpaparangal sa misteryo o titolo ng Panginoon, ng Mahal na Birhen, at ng ilang santo na mahalaga (other apostles and Evangelists) at may historical importance (St. Lawrence, deacon and martyr). 

B. EXAMPLES

Transfiguration, Exaltation of the Cross, St. Simon, St. Luke, St. Lawrence

C. EUCHARISTIC CELEBRATION

(+) 2 pagbasa (first reading at Gospel)

(+) Gloria

D. SPECIAL CASE

Kung matapat ang feast of the Transfiguration o Exaltation of the Holy Cross sa Sunday, merong three readings, Gloria at Credo (kasi Linggo natapat, eh). 

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MEMORIAL

Immaculate Heart of Mary

A. DESCRIPTION

- Pagpaparangal sa mga saints of lesser importance.

- Ang memorial ay nagdiriwang din ng ilang aspeto ng buhay ng Panginoon o ng Mahal na Birhen. 

B. EXAMPLES

the optional memorial of the Holy Name of Jesus 

the obligatory memorial of the Immaculate Heart of Mary. 

St. John Marie Vianney

C. EUCHARISTIC CELEBRATION

Pareho lang ang Liturgy sa Mass ng Obligatory at Optional Memorial:

(+) 2 pagbasa (first reading at Gospel) ng pangkaraniwang misa.

(+) at least may proper opening prayer at minsan may proper readings din (tulad ng memorial nina Martha, Mary Magdalene at Barnabas) .

D. OBLIGATORY, OPTIONAL, COMMEMORATION

- Ang Obligatory Memorial ay dapat na ipagdiwang ng Universal Church

- Ang Optional Memorial ay maaring ipagdiwang o hindi.

- Kapag ang memorial ay natapat sa panahon ng Lent o Advent (Dec. 17 to 24), ito ay ipinagdiriwang lamang bilang commemoration. Sa Mass, ang opening prayer ay proper ng saint na ipinagdiriwang pero the rest comes from Liturgy of the day.

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TABLE OF LITURGICAL DAYS (according to their Order of precedence)

Ang listahang ito ang nagpapakita ng rank ng bawat celebration. Kung magkatapat sa isang araw ang 2 pagdiriwang, mas susundin ang mas mataas kaysa mas mababa.

I

1. Easter triduum of the Lordʼs passion and resurrection.

2. Christmas, the Epiphany of the Lord, the Ascension of the Lord, and Pentecost.Sundays of the seasons of Advent, Lent, and Easter.

Ash Wednesday.

Weekdays of Holy Week from Monday to Thursday inclusive.

Days within the octave of Easter.

3. Solemnities of the Lord, the Blessed Vir gin Mary, and saints listed in the General Calendar.

Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed (All Souls).

4. Proper solemnities, namely:

a. Solemnity of the principal patron of the place, that is, the city or state.

b. Solemnity of the dedication of a particular church and the anniversary.

c. Solemnity of the title of a particular church.

d. Solemnity of the title, or of the founder, or of the principal patron of a religious order or congregation.

II

5. Feasts of the Lord listed in the General Calendar.

6. Sundays of the season of Christmas and Sundays in Ordinary Time.

7. Feasts of the Blessed Virgin Mary and of the saints in the General Calendar.

8. Proper feasts, namely:

a. Feast of the principal patron of the diocese.

b. Feast of the anniversary of the dedication of the cathedral.

c. Feast of the principal patron of a region or province, or a country, or of a wider territory.

d. Feast of the title, founder, or principal patron of an order or congregationand of a religious province, without prejudice to the directives in no. 4.

e. Other feasts proper to an individual church.

f. Other feasts listed in the calendar of a diocese or of an order or congregation.

9. Weekdays of Advent from 17 December to 24 December inclusive.

Days within the octave of Christmas.

Weekdays of Lent.

III

10. Obligatory memorials in the General Calendar.

11. Proper obligatory memorials, namely:

a. Memorial of a secondary patron of the place, diocese, region, or province,

nation or wider territory, or of an order or congregation and of a religious province.

b. Other obligatory memorials listed in the calendar of a diocese, or of an order or congregation.

12. Optional memorials; but these may be celebrated even on the days listed in no. 9, in the special manner described by the General Instructions of the Roman Missal and the Liturgy of the Hours.

In the same manner obligatory memorials may be celebrated as optional memorials if they happen to fall on Lenten weekdays.

13. Weekdays of Advent up to 16 December inclusive.

Weekdays of the season of Christmas from 2 January until the Saturday after the Epiphany of the Lord.

Weekdays of the season of Easter from Monday after the octave of Easter until the Saturday before Pentecost inclusive.

Weekdays in Ordinary Time.

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SPECIAL CASES OF PRECEDENCE

1. Ang Nov. 2, All Souls' Day, ay special, kasi kahit ito hindi solemnity, meron pa rin itong precedence over a Sunday.

2. Depende sa lugar maaring maiba ang RANK ng celebration ng isang saint. For example, St. Benedict, ay obligatory memorial sa universal church; feast sa Europe dahil isa ito sa patron ng Europe.pero solemnity sa diocese at abbey of Montecassino kung saan sya inilibing.